en Midwifery Orginal research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><span style="color:#2980b9;"><b><i><span new="" roman="" times="">Background:</span></i></b></span> <span new="" roman="" times="">Fear of childbirth is one of the major problems during pregnancy and the post-partum period that affects women&rsquo;s health and preference for cesarean birth</span><span new="" roman="" times="">.</span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><b><i><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:#2980b9;">Objectives:</span> </span></i></b><span new="" roman="" times="">The present study aimed to investigate the effect of midwife-oriented education and counseling on the type and consequences of childbirth in first-time pregnant women with fear of childbirth.</span></span></span><br> <span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:#2980b9;"><b><i>Methods:</i></b></span><span style="color:black"> The present study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial performed on 122 first-time pregnant women with fear of childbirth. The samples were selected by the convenient sampling method and divided into two intervention and control groups by the four-blocked randomization method. Data collection tools were a demographic questionnaire and the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (WDEQ; version A before childbirth and version B after childbirth). The intervention was performed in the form of six counseling sessions based on the Gamble approach. The data were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS 21 statistical software.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><span style="color:#2980b9;"><b><i><span new="" roman="" times="">Results</span></i></b><b><span new="" roman="" times="">:</span></b></span><span new="" roman="" times=""> Regarding the effect of midwife-oriented counseling on pre-partum and post-partum fear, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. The rate of choosing vaginal birth in the intervention group significantly increased after receiving counseling (p = 0.001). The frequency of vaginal birth, childbirth satisfaction, and childbirth consequences was not statistically significant between the two groups.</span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif=""><span style="color:#2980b9;"><b><i><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion:</span></i></b></span><span new="" roman="" times=""> The present counseling method can be effective in increasing choosing vaginal birth in first-time pregnant women with fear of childbirth, but further research is required to evaluate its effectiveness on the maternal and neonatal consequences.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div> Midwifery Counseling, Fear of Childbirth, Consequences of Childbirth 50 61 http://nmcjournal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-822-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Seyedeh Fatemeh Mousavi f.mousavi2918@gmail.com 100319475328460014262 100319475328460014262 No Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Elham Jafari ejafari@zums.ac.ir 100319475328460014263 100319475328460014263 Yes Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Roghayeh Kharaghani r.kharghani@yahoo.com 100319475328460014264 100319475328460014264 No Associated Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Saeedeh Zenoozian zenoozian@yahoo.com 100319475328460014265 100319475328460014265 No Assistant Professor, Department of clinical psychology, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran